Above: a series of correct kamae for training with Bo.

Kamae: (kah-my) Upper body posture.

kamaete: (kah-my-tay) Command to move into a guard position.

Suwari or Seiza: (soo-wah-ree or say-zah) Formal sitting position.

Anza: (ahn-sah) Informal sitting position.

Itai! Itai! (ee-tie, ee-tie) Stop, it hurts!

Mahte: (mah-tay) wait or hold your position.

Sempai: (sem-pie) The main student who has trained the longest with the chief instructor.

In our organization, the title of "Sempai" is accorded to someone who has completed the rank of Joshu-Sho in the assistant instructors program. Their rank is indicated by the black stripe on their belt being turned completely out.